Quality Concepts and ISO 9001 QMS Awareness
An Effort to create awareness. ..... Editor - Keshav Ram Singhal, Ajmer, India
Welcome
Saturday, February 28, 2026
ISO 9001 - Certification Not the Goal, but a Culture
Tuesday, February 24, 2026
Standard Development Timeline for ISO 9001:2026
Standard Development Timeline for ISO 9001:2026
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The revision of ISO 9001 is progressing under the responsibility of ISO/TC 176/SC 2. The tentative development timeline is as follows:
Timeline
* Summer 2023 – Decision to revise the standard taken; ISO/TC 176/SC 2 confirmed the need for revision.
* Late 2023 – Early 2024 – Expert meetings held to gather global inputs and stakeholder feedback.
* Around April 2024 – Committee Draft 1 (CD1) issued for member body review.
* November–December 2024 – Committee Draft 2 (CD2) developed based on received comments.
* August/September 2025 – Draft International Standard (DIS) published for public comment and ballot.
* Around November 2025 – Comments received; voting period closed.
* Mid 2026 – Final Draft International Standard (FDIS) expected.
* September 2026 – Target publication of the revised QMS standard.
Post-Publication Transition
Following publication, certified organizations are expected to have a standard three-year transition period (approximately until September 2029).
* During this transition window, certifications to ISO 9001:2015 will remain valid.
* After the transition deadline, all audits and certifications must align with the 2026 version of the standard.
Important Note
ISO development timelines may shift slightly depending on ballot results, resolution of comments, or the need for additional revisions.
For the most authoritative and up-to-date information, it is advisable to consult the official committee site of ISO/TC 176/SC 2.
Regards,
KRS
History of ISO 9001 Standard
History of ISO 9001 Standard
KRS
Sunday, February 22, 2026
The Role of Top Management in Quality
The Role of Top Management in Quality
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Quality isn’t just a matter of documentation—it starts with leadership vision and commitment. Eleven Tasks Top Management should pay special attention to -
1. Establish a Clear Quality Policy and Objectives
The organization’s direction must be clear. The quality policy should be practical, measurable, and aligned with business goals.
2. Leadership by Example
A quality culture is developed through behavior, not merely by issuing instructions. As W. Edwards Deming stated, “A bad system will beat a good person every time.”
Top management must demonstrate genuine and practical commitment to quality. By setting the right example, they build a robust system that motivates every employee to implement it effectively.
For instance, in many organizations, top management is not included in internal audits. True leadership means instructing the internal audit team to audit top management as well and identify areas for improvement. When leaders themselves are open to evaluation and correction, it strengthens the entire quality management system.
3. Prioritize the Voice of the Customer
Customer satisfaction, complaint analysis, and feedback should be integrated into strategic decision-making.
4. Adopt Risk-Based Thinking
Identify potential risks and opportunities, and take timely preventive and corrective actions.
5. Develop Competent and Trained Human Resources
Empower employees through regular training, skill development, and awareness programs.
6. Standardization and Continuous Improvement of Processes
Promote a culture of continual improvement by ensuring effective implementation of the PDCA (Plan–Do–Check–Act) cycle.
ISO 9001:2015 standard, published by the International Organization for Standardization, also places strong emphasis on continual improvement.
7. Provide Adequate Resources
Ensure the availability of appropriate and adequate human resources, infrastructure, modern technology, and accurate measuring instruments. Leadership approval and active involvement are especially critical in this area.
8. Data-Driven Decision Making
Decisions should be based on facts, analysis, and reliable data—not merely on intuition or assumptions.
9. Develop an Effective Internal Communication System
Quality objectives, procedural changes, achievements, and challenges should be clearly communicated at all levels of the organization.
10. Conduct Regular Management Reviews
Hold structured management review meetings to comprehensively evaluate quality objectives, key performance indicators (KPIs), audit results, and corrective actions.
11. Promote a Quality Culture
Foster a culture of learning and improvement rather than blame. Encourage employees to contribute ideas, innovate, and take ownership of their responsibilities.
Summary
When top management is aware, committed, and proactive, the entire organization becomes quality-conscious. Quality is not the sole responsibility of any single department—it is the direct outcome of leadership commitment.
Regards,
Keshav Ram Singhal
Thursday, February 19, 2026
Top Management Mindset and Approach Towards Quality
Top Management Mindset and Approach Towards Quality
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One day, I got an opportunity to visit two companies and meet their top management teams.
When I reached the first company, I was informed that the organization was ISO 9001:2015 certified. In the chamber of a senior executive, I also noticed the ISO certification certificate displayed on the wall. I visited their manufacturing units and observed that supervisors were closely monitoring the operators. Inspectors were checking the finished goods. Whenever any defect was found, the nonconforming product was immediately segregated. The operators were warned, and pressure was applied on them to work more carefully. The production targets were clearly displayed on the walls. Production was taking place, but I felt an atmosphere of silence, tension, and pressure on the shop floor.
After that, I visited the second company. The top management informed me that they had not yet obtained any certification for compliance with ISO standards. However, they were planning to implement ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 14001:2015, and for this purpose, they had already sent some employees for training. During my visit to their manufacturing units, I noticed that the processes were clearly defined. Work instructions were displayed on the walls. Problems were openly discussed, and operators were encouraged to provide suggestions on how the processes could be improved further. The focus was on ensuring that processes function properly, and if any issue occurred, it was identified and corrected. When I asked about nonconforming products, I was told that due to continual monitoring and improvement of processes, the number of nonconforming products was very low. And whenever any nonconforming product was produced, the operators and the team discussed the root cause and identified what process improvement was required. The environment in this company appeared calm, positive, and cooperative. I did not feel any stress or fear.
In my opinion, the first company appeared more stressful and defensive, whereas the second company seemed stable, improvement-oriented, and confident. I believe the real difference between the two companies lies in the mindset of their top management and their approach towards quality. While the first company appeared to treat certification as a target, the second company was building Continual Improvement as a strong Quality Culture.
Experience-based learning - Certification may be important, but building a quality culture and focusing on continual improvement is far more important.
Regards,
Keshav Ram Singhal
Friday, January 16, 2026
Appreciative Inquiry as a Supportive Tool in Quality Management — A Balanced Approach Integrating Risk-based Thinking
Appreciative Inquiry as a Supportive Tool in Quality Management
— A
Balanced Approach Integrating Risk-based Thinking
************
Symbolic Image Courtesy NightCafe
In
recent days, while reading the Kindle book “Business for Good in Action –
Celebrating AIM2Flourish Stories Through Appreciative Inquiry” by Dr.
Divya Singhal and Crystal Ferro, a thought emerged in my mind: How can
Appreciative Inquiry be effectively applied in Quality Management?
Through
this exploration, I understood that Appreciative Inquiry (AI) is a positive
and participative approach widely used by organizations for organizational
development, change management, team building, and individual growth of people.
Instead of focusing on problems and deficiencies, it emphasizes successes,
strengths, and future possibilities.
The
concept of Appreciative Inquiry was developed in the 1980s by Dr. David L.
Cooperrider, associated with Case Western Reserve University (USA),
and originated from his PhD dissertation.
Core
Philosophy of Appreciative Inquiry
The
fundamental idea of Appreciative Inquiry is:“Rather than fixing what is
wrong, build on what works well.” In brief, Appreciative Inquiry is based
on five core principles:
1.
Positivity
Principle –
Positive questions generate positive energy and constructive solutions.
2.
Constructivist
Principle – Our
conversations and language shape our organizational reality.
3.
Simultaneity
Principle – The
moment we ask a question, change begins.
4.
Poetic
Principle –
Organizations are like open books; whichever chapters we focus on, grow
stronger.
5.
Anticipatory
Principle – A
positive image of the future guides present actions.
Benefits
of Appreciative Inquiry in Organizations
When
Appreciative Inquiry is practiced in organizations, it delivers several
benefits:
·
Increased
employee involvement and motivation
·
Encouragement
of innovation and creativity
·
Development
of a positive organizational culture
·
Reduced
resistance to change
·
Stronger
leadership and teamwork
Traditionally,
organizations ask questions such as:“What is wrong with our process?” In
contrast, Appreciative Inquiry asks:“When did our process work at its best,
and why?”
Thus,
Appreciative Inquiry represents a mindset that is strength-based rather than
deficiency-based, making it highly effective for quality, lean,
innovation, leadership, and continual improvement initiatives.
Appreciative
Inquiry and Quality Management: A Critical Reflection
Although
Appreciative Inquiry is a powerful approach for continual improvement, a
legitimate concern arises: Can it lead to ignoring deficiencies and
weaknesses, making it unsuitable for Quality Management? The reality is
that Appreciative Inquiry becomes effective in Quality Management only when
used correctly. Misuse of this approach—not the approach itself—creates
risk.
How
Appreciative Inquiry Supports Quality Management
1.
Building a Positive Quality Culture
Quality
does not emerge from processes alone; it emerges from people’s mindset.
Appreciative Inquiry shifts organizations from a blame-oriented culture to a learning
and improvement-oriented culture. This fosters fear-free reporting,
stronger suggestion systems, and greater employee participation.
2.
Identifying and Expanding Best Practices
Traditional
internal audits focus primarily on identifying nonconformities.
Appreciative Inquiry complements this by asking: Where did the process
deliver excellent results, and why? This
helps organizations identify repeatable best practices, strengthening standardization
and benchmarking in Quality Management.
3.
Energizing Continual Improvement
Continual
improvement is a core requirement of ISO 9001. Appreciative Inquiry
reframes improvement from a corrective burden into a growth
opportunity, encouraging employees to participate voluntarily and
enthusiastically in improvement initiatives.
4.
Enhancing Leadership and Team Engagement
Appreciative
Inquiry views employees not as problem sources but as solution
partners. This strengthens ownership, collaboration, and enables cross-functional
quality improvement across the organization.
5.
Supporting Change Management
In new
quality initiatives, Appreciative Inquiry helps reduce resistance by presenting
change as a continuation of past successes, rather than a response to
failure.
Addressing
the Risks of Appreciative Inquiry
A
common concern is that Appreciative Inquiry may overlook weaknesses. This risk
arises only when the approach is misunderstood. Potential risks of
improper use include:
·
Critical
nonconformities being overlooked
·
Weak
root cause analysis
·
Gaps
in regulatory and customer requirement compliance
Therefore,
using Appreciative Inquiry in isolation can be risky.
The
Solution: Appreciative Inquiry + Risk-based Thinking
The
answer lies in developing a Balanced Quality Improvement Model by
integrating Appreciative Inquiry with Risk-based Thinking, which is a
core requirement of ISO 9001:2015 QMS standard.
This
integration allows organizations to use positive framing along with gap
analysis.
For example, instead of asking only “What went wrong?”, we also ask: “When
did this process operate without defects, and why?” From these insights,
gaps and risks can be identified more constructively.
Integrating
Appreciative Inquiry with the PDCA Cycle
Appreciative
Inquiry can be effectively embedded into the PDCA (Plan–Do–Check–Act) cycle:
·
Plan – Identify strengths, successful
experiences, and opportunities
·
Do – Execute processes with
motivation and engagement
·
Check – Review data, conduct audits, and
identify nonconformities
·
Act – Apply AI-based improvement and
standardization
Importantly,
Appreciative Inquiry does not imply avoiding nonconformities. Instead, audit
findings are treated as learning opportunities, and blame-free root
cause analysis is encouraged.
The
Right Place of Appreciative Inquiry in Quality Management
Appreciative
Inquiry is highly effective in:
·
Culture
building
·
Employee
engagement
·
Best
practice sharing
·
Innovation
and continual improvement
However,
its role is limited in areas such as:
·
Regulatory
compliance
·
Safety-critical
processes
·
Legal
and statutory gap management
·
Handling
serious nonconformities
Conclusion
Appreciative
Inquiry is a powerful enabler in Quality Management, but it is not a
substitute for defect identification. The right approach is to identify
problems to correct them, and to identify strengths to make improvements
sustainable. When integrated with risk-based thinking and the PDCA cycle,
Appreciative Inquiry helps organizations evolve into true learning
organizations, capable of sustained excellence.
Best
wishes,
Keshav
Ram Singhal
Tuesday, October 28, 2025
Risks in the Quality Management System
Risks
in the Quality Management System
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An organization implements a quality management system (QMS) to demonstrate its ability to consistently provide products and services that meet customer and applicable legal requirements, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction. The ISO 9001:2015 QMS standard specifies the requirements for a quality management system. This standard introduced risk-based thinking to strengthen the understanding and application of the process approach. The organization needs to determine potential risks so that they can be suitably addressed in a timely and systematic manner.
In this
write-up, a few risks in a quality management system that an organization may
encounter are mentioned with examples and proposed action to address the risk
issue.
1.
Failure to achieve quality objectives
– Example may include actual product rejection rate exceeds the target limit or
customer satisfaction index falls below the planned level. Proposed action may
include reviewing objectives for realism and alignment with organizational
strategy, applying root cause analysis (RCA) and implementing corrective
actions.
2.
Slowdown in organization’s performance
– Examples may include decline in on-time delivery or productivity ratios, or
increased internal rework or waste. Proposed action in this case may be to conduct
management reviews more frequently, monitor key performance indicators (KPIs)
and initiate improvement projects, so that organization’s performance may
increase.
3.
Changes in the QMS not recognized timely – Examples may include revision of legal or ISO
requirements overlooked, process updates delayed due to lack of communication.
Proposed action may include establishing a structured change management system
and regularly reviewing applicable standards and statutory updates.
4.
Undesirable or unplanned changes in QMS – Examples may include staff making uncontrolled
document edits or process steps modified without approval. Proposed action in
this case may include applying document and configuration control procedures
and training staff on authorized change protocols.
5.
QMS inadequate to meet customer needs
– Examples may include customer complaints increase due to unmet delivery
expectations or product does not meet emerging technological requirements.
Proposed action may include periodically assess customer feedback and
satisfaction surveys and update processes and specifications in line with
customer requirements.
6.
Decisions not implemented effectively
– Examples may include management review actions left pending or audit findings
not closed in due time. Proposed action may include assigning responsibility,
timeline, follow-up mechanism and conducting periodic progress reviews.
7.
Untapped opportunities
– Examples may include neglecting automation opportunities or ignoring
potential new markets or quality improvement methods. Proposed action may
include opportunity assessment in risk management, encouraging employee
suggestions and innovation.
8.
Inadequate team formation or lack of competence – Examples may include internal
audit team lacks trained members or quality improvement team missing
cross-functional expertise. Proposed actions may include conducting skills
assessment, provide necessary training and build balanced teams with experience
and fresh perspectives.
9.
Conflicting needs and expectations of interested parties – Examples may include supplier
demands longer payment terms, while finance institution wants shorter; customer
requires faster delivery, while production capacity is limited. Proposed action
may include prioritizing actions based on risk impact and organizational goals,
communicate and negotiate realistic expectations.
10.
Breakdown of processes
– Examples may include supplier delivery failure halts production or internal
process fails due to missing inputs. Proposed actions may include identifying
process interlinks through flowcharts and FMEA, and develop contingency and
backup plans.
11.
Breakdown or malfunction of equipment
– Examples may include machine downtime affects production schedule or
measuring equipment out of calibration. Proposed actions may include following
preventive maintenance and calibration schedule strictly and maintaining
critical spares inventory and calibration register.
12.
Delay or neglect in maintenance
– Examples may include maintenance postponed due to workload pressure or maintenance
logs incomplete. Proposed action may include linking maintenance schedule with
production planning and automate maintenance reminders.
13.
Failure to meet product requirements due to poor equipment condition – Examples may include dimensional
deviation due to worn-out tools or contamination in process due to unclean
equipment. Proposed action may include periodic equipment inspection and
replacement plan, implementing 5S practices and Total Productive Maintenance
(TPM).
14.
Rising material or energy costs
– Examples may include increased energy tariffs raise product cost or raw
material wastage due to inefficient handling. Proposed action may include implement
energy management practices, as par ISO 50001 Energy Management System (EnMS),
optimize procurement and storage processes.
15.
Depreciation of equipment
– Examples may include old equipment consumes more energy and time, or obsolete
machinery leads to poor product consistency. Proposed action may include evaluating
cost-benefit for modernization and preparing equipment replacement plan.
16.
Lack of awareness among employees
– Examples may include employees unaware of quality policy, objectives or misunderstanding
of work instructions. Proposed action may include conducting awareness sessions
for the employees and display QMS policy and objectives visibly at workplaces.
17.
Ineffective internal audits
– Examples may include internal audit not covering all processes or internal audit
findings not fact-based. Proposed action may include training internal auditors,
ensuring independent and objective audit planning.
18.
Poor document and record control
– Examples may include using outdated work instructions or missing calibration records.
Proposed action may include implementing electronic document control system and
reviewing record retention schedule periodically.
19.
Insufficient management commitment
– Examples may include top management not reviewing QMS performance or lack of
resources for improvement initiatives. Proposed action may include reinforcing
leadership involvement through periodic reviews and aligning quality objectives
with business objectives.
20.
Supplier-related risks
– Examples may include supplier fails to deliver materials on time or poor
quality of incoming components. Proposed action may include evaluating and
approving suppliers based on performance and developing supplier partnership
programs.
21.
Non-compliance with statutory or regulatory requirements – Examples may include missing
safety certification for a product or ignoring environmental norms. Proposed
action may include maintaining a compliance register and assigning
responsibility for legal monitoring.
22.
Data integrity and cybersecurity risk
– Examples may include loss of records due to system crash or unauthorized
access to QMS documents. Proposed action may include regular data backups, implementing
cybersecurity protocols, access control and strengthening record control.
23.
Ineffective communication
– Examples may include miscommunication between design and production or customer
complaint not escalated timely. Proposed action may include defining clear
communication channels and regular meetings for updates.
24.
Inadequate corrective and preventive action (CAPA) – Examples may include repeated
nonconformities due to poor root cause analysis or actions not verified for
effectiveness. Proposed action may include to train staff on root cause
analysis tools (5 Whys, Fishbone Diagram) and monitor CAPA effectiveness during
management review.
25.
Organizational culture resistant to change – Examples may include employees reluctant to adopt
new procedures or improvement ideas not accepted by them. Proposed action may
include promoting quality culture through recognition and participation and engaging
employees in decision-making and improvement activities.
Determining and addressing risks in the quality management system is vital for
maintaining consistency, enhancing customer satisfaction, and achieving
continual improvement. A proactive approach — integrating risk assessment into
daily operations — enables an organization to transform risks into
opportunities for growth and excellence.
The
above points highlight key risks that organizations may face while implementing
or maintaining a quality management system (QMS). Awareness and timely action
can prevent potential failures and foster a culture of quality improvement
across all levels.
Best
wishes,
Keshav Ram
Singhal
Friday, October 10, 2025
Celebrating World Standards Day 2025
Celebrating World Standards Day 2025
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Celebrating
World Standards Day is an opportunity to engage with the global standards
community and raise awareness. Here's how individuals, organizations, and
professionals can participate:
- Host
or Join Events - Organize or attend seminars, workshops, conferences,
exhibitions, or webinars on topics like AI standards, sustainability, or public
health. For example, the U.S. Celebration on October 23, 2025, in Rockville,
MD, features discussions on "Standards for Public Health and Safety"
with networking opportunities. In India, Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is organizing various awareness programmes in various cities in October 2025.
- Share
Online - Use social media to post about the theme with hashtags like
#WorldStandardsDay, #SharedVisionForABetterWorld, or #SDG17. Download and share
the official campaign poster, or create custom graphics highlighting local
standards impacts.
- Participate
in Contests - Enter the World Standards Cooperation Paper Competition or
similar challenges to showcase innovative uses of standards.
- Educate
and Advocate - Conduct internal training sessions on ISO/IEC/ITU standards,
or collaborate with partners on SDG-aligned projects. Reach out to your
national standards body (e.g., ANSI in the U.S.) for toolkits and resources.
By
getting involved, you can contribute to a collaborative movement that makes the
world safer and more sustainable. For more resources, visit website specially developed
for the World Standards Day. worldstandardsday.org.
World
Standards Day is observed annually on October 14 to honour the collaborative
work of global experts in developing international standards that enhance
safety, quality, innovation, and sustainable development. In 2025, the day
falls on a Wednesday and carries forward a multi-year focus on the United
Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a spotlight on SDG 17:
Partnerships for the Goals.
As an individual effort, I have
initiated a “World Standards Day 2025 Learning Quiz – Join the Fun!” on
Facebook. For details CLICK HERE.
Best
wishes,
Keshav
Ram Singhal
World Standards Day 2025
World Standards Day 2025
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Courtesy Image - worldstandardsday.org
World
Standards Day is observed annually on October 14 to honour the collaborative
work of global experts in developing international standards that enhance
safety, quality, innovation, and sustainable development. In 2025, the day
falls on Wednesday and carries forward a multi-year focus on the United Nations
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a spotlight on SDG 17: Partnerships
for the Goals.
Importance
of World Standards Day
World
Standards Day underscores the critical role of international standardization in
addressing global challenges. It pays tribute to the thousands of volunteers
from organizations like the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and International
Telecommunication Union (ITU) who create voluntary technical agreements that
underpin everything from public health safeguards to technological
interoperability. These standards foster trust, enable trade, drive innovation,
and support resilient societies—impacting daily life from safe drinking water
and secure buildings to reliable transportation systems. In an increasingly
complex world, they promote equitable progress, particularly toward the SDGs,
by facilitating multi-stakeholder partnerships across industries, governments,
and civil society. The 2025 theme, "Shared vision for a better world:
Spotlight on SDG 17 – Partnerships for the Goals," highlights how
standards act as a shared framework for collaboration, accelerating solutions
to sustainability issues like climate change and inequality.
Message
from ISO, IEC, and ITU
Every
year a joint message is issued by IEC President, ISO President and ITU Secretary
General. The joint message for 2025, issued by IEC President Jo Cops, ISO
President Sung Hwan Cho, and ITU Telecommunication Standardization Bureau
Director Seizo Onoe (on behalf of ITU Secretary-General Doreen Bogdan-Martin),
calls for renewed commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
through standardization. The message states -
"The
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which project to address social
imbalances, develop a sustainable economy, and slow the rate of climate change,
are highly ambitious. To reach them will require the cooperation of many public
and private partners, and the use of all available tools, including
international standards and conformity assessment.
The
intense battle against a persistent global pandemic revealed the absolute
necessity of addressing the SDGs in an inclusive way, to strengthen our
societies, making them more resilient and more equitable. Today, we are asking
you to join us on a mission that affirms the importance of the SDGs to build
back better. In this pursuit, standards are more relevant than ever.
The
entire standards system is built on collaboration. It is testament to the power
of cooperation and the belief that we are stronger than the sum of our parts.
By working together, we are empowering people with real-world solutions to face
sustainability challenges head-on.
We
stand united to work together to accelerate the 2030 Agenda, with standards for
the SDGs, and our ‘Shared vision for a better world’."
This
message emphasizes unity and the pivotal role of standards in building
resilient, inclusive futures.
Regards,
Keshav
Ram Singhal