Towards Improving Banking Services Quality
21.
5-S Practice and Lean
Banking
Introduction
The 5-S Practice, a core
component of Lean methodologies, plays a pivotal role in streamlining banking
operations. Rooted in the principles of organization, cleanliness, and
standardization, it fosters a Total Quality Environment. By applying 5-S in
banking, institutions can significantly reduce inefficiencies, improve
workplace productivity, and enhance customer experiences. Whether it’s
optimizing document retrieval times, maintaining a clutter-free environment, or
promoting discipline among employees, the 5-S framework aligns seamlessly with
Lean Banking principles, ensuring a structured and efficient approach to modern
banking challenges. 5-S Practice is a recognized practice of TQMEX model and
also a Lean tool for improving productivity. Five pillars of 5-S stand for five
Japanese words – Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu and Shitsuke.
These five pillars are useful
in improving the physical environment of the work place, and also the thinking
processes. 5-S movement takes its name from the five Japanese words that start
with the letter S. Basically 5-S Practice is applied in manufacturing industry,
however this practice is also useful to service sector including hospitals,
banks etc.
THE FIRST STEP OF 5-S –
‘SEIRI’ – The English equivalent of the Japanese word ‘Seiri’ is
‘Structurize’. It means organization of the affairs and sorting of things in a
better way. ‘Straighten up’ may be another name of ‘Seiri’. The typical
examples of ‘Seiri’ are: throw away rubbish and worthless items, separate the
things that are necessary for the job from those that are not. It means clearly
distinguish needed items from unneeded items and eliminate the unneeded items.
‘Seiri’ is the first pillar of
visual workplace, corresponds to the ‘Just in Time’ (JIT) principle:
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Not needed at all in the organization
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Not needed here (at the workplace)
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Needed, but not now
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Needed, but not so much
‘Seiri’ means remove all items
from the workplace that are not needed for current production operations. It is
about separating the things, which are necessary for the job from those that
are not necessary for the job. Keep the number of necessary things for the job
as low as possible and at a convenient location. To make this step and
effective one, you should differentiate between the necessary things and
unnecessary things and discard the unnecessary things in following areas:
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Unnecessary work in process
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Unnecessary tools
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Unused machinery
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Defective products
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Papers and documents of no use
Actions required:
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Segregate required, useable, re-workable and
obsolete items.
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Dispose of the unwarranted items
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Clear off walk ways
Remember:
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One picture is worth more than thousand words.
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Do away with unnecessary items and processes
Banking-Related Examples for Seiri (Sort, Structurize)
Decluttering customer service
desks by removing outdated forms and unused promotional materials ensures only
the most relevant resources are available for employees. A bank branch segregates
outdated promotional materials, irrelevant forms, and unused stationery,
clearing up storage space. Identifying and archiving outdated customer records
to ensure only active accounts remain accessible, enhancing system efficiency.
Impact: Reduces
clutter, enabling staff to focus on current and relevant materials, which
enhances efficiency.
Figure 14
- TQMEX Model and 5-S Practice
THE
SECOND STEP OF 5-S – ‘SEITON’ – The English equivalent of the Japanese
word ‘Seiton’ is ‘systematize’. It means neatness, set in order and orderliness
(which means putting things in order). The typical example of ‘Seiton’ is:
retrieval of a document within a shortest possible time (as early as possible
say within 30 seconds). It means keeping needed items in the correct place to
allow for easy and immediate retrieval. Set the things in order (arrange needed
items) so that they are easy to use. Label the items so that anyone can find
them easily and put them away.
Things must be kept in order so that
they are ready for use when needed. Generally, it is observed that employees
spent lot of time searching for documents, tools and records. Japanese
companies are good examples for maintaining things in order. ‘Seiton’ is all
about neatness and neatness is a study of efficiency that provides an answer to
the question – ‘how quickly anyone can get the things needed and how quickly
anyone can put them away’.
There are four ways of achieving ‘Seiton’:
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Analyse the present situation
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Decide where things belong
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Decide how things should be removed or put
away
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Obey the put away rule
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Putting things back where they belong
Actions
required:
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Use labels, colour codes for easy
identification
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Use index for file, records, drawings etc to facilitate
retrievability
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Plan storage with accessibility
Remember:
A place for everything and
everything in its place
Banking-Related Example for Seiton (Systematize)
Introducing a digital document
management system for faster retrieval of customer records, reducing retrieval
time from minutes to seconds. The bank systematically organizes frequently used
forms, such as loan applications and deposit slips, in labelled drawers or
digital folders. Establishing QR code labels for documents and files, enabling
employees to quickly locate and retrieve them using digital scanning tools.
Impact: Staff can
retrieve any form or records within a few seconds, improving customer service
speed and minimizing frustration during busy hours.
Figure 15
- Pillars of 5-S
THE
THIRD STEP OF 5-S – ‘SEISO’ – The English equivalent of the Japanese
word ‘Seiso’ is ‘Sanitize’. It means shining, sweeping and cleaning. ‘Clean up’
the work place to keep everything in top condition. When someone needs to use
something, it should be ready for the use. Typical example of ‘Seiso’ is:
individual cleaning responsibility.
Keep the work place clean. Everyone in
the organization from the managing director to the lowest cadre staff should undertake
he job. ‘Seiso’ means to conduct a clean-up campaign.
Actions
required:
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Inspect and cleaned the supply lines, stockroom,
scrap-yards and gardens
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Clean-up workplace, machines, and tools after
use
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Identify root causes of loud noise, vibration,
heat build-up in equipment and take remedial action
Remember:
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Spice and span lead to zero break-downs.
Banking-Related Example for Seiso (Sanitize):
Regularly cleaning ATM kiosks,
branch counters, and employee workstations to ensure a hygienic environment for
customers and staff. After each shift, the teller area is cleaned, and the
workstations are sanitized, ensuring computers, counters, and cash counting
machines are free from dust and grime. Implementing a checklist for cleaning
high-touch areas like cash counters and PIN (Personal Identification Number) pads
multiple times daily to reassure customers of safety.
Impact: A clean
environment promotes better health for employees and leaves a good impression
on customers.
THE
FOURTH STEP OF 5-S – ‘SEIKETSU’ – The English equivalent of the Japanese
word ‘Seiketsu’ is ‘Standardize’. It means standardization. ‘Seiketsu’
(standardize) differs from ‘Seiri’ (sort), ‘Seiton’ (set in order) and ‘Seiso’
(shine). The first three pillars can be thought of activities, as something
people in the organization do. ‘Seiketsu’ (standardize) is the method to
maintain the first three pillars of 5-S. It is the fourth pillar of the VISUAL
WORKPLACE.
The emphasis is on visual management
and standardization. ‘Seiketsu’ means to conduct ‘Seiri’ (sort), ‘Seiton’ (set
in order) and ‘Seiso’ (shine) at frequent intervals (in fact daily) to maintain
a workplace in perfect condition.
Actions
required:
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Develop standards
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Establish checking procedure (5W + 1H) – What,
Why, Where, Who, When and How.
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Create visual controls
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Devise ways and means to explore problems and
their solutions
Remember:
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Action speaks louder than words
Banking-Related Example for Seiketsu (Standardize)
Implementing uniform
guidelines for arranging files, documents, and tools across all bank branches
ensures consistency and easy auditing. The bank establishes a weekly checklist
for cleaning and organizing customer lounge areas, including arranging chairs,
sanitizing ATMs, and replenishing brochures. Using uniform designs for signage
and forms across all branches, ensuring customers easily recognize and
understand them.
Impact: Maintains
consistent service standards across all branches, leading to better customer
experiences.
THE
FIFTH STEP OF 5-S – ‘SHITSUKE’ – The English equivalent of the Japanese
word ‘Shitsuke’ is ‘Self-discipline’. It means to make a habit of properly
maintaining correct procedures. Discipline is a process of repetition and
practice. Self-discipline goes beyond discipline and becomes a habit of doing
things in disciplined manner every time. The emphasis of the fifth step of 5-S
is creating a workforce with good habits. Everyone must follow the procedures
at the workplace every time.
Actions
required:
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Develop action plan for maintaining the set
standards
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Give unambiguous advice / instructions to your
work associates
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Carry on 5-S activities as a matter of habit
and enthuse others to practice 5-S
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Conduct self-audit of 5-S practice in your
organization
Remember:
-
Be a self-starter
Banking-Related Example for Shitsuke (Self-Discipline):
Encouraging employees to
habitually log out of systems after work to maintain data security, coupled
with regular self-audits of their compliance with workplace protocols. All bank
employees practice the habit of logging off systems at the end of the day and
securely storing customer-sensitive documents in designated lockers. Conducting
monthly employee workshops to reinforce the habit of promptly addressing
workplace inefficiencies and maintaining the 5-S practice.
Impact: Encourages a culture of accountability and
compliance with data security policies, reducing risks of information breaches.
Conclusion
The 5-S Practice is more than
just a set of workplace principles; it is a transformative methodology that
drives operational excellence in Lean Banking. By integrating 5-S into daily
banking operations, institutions can achieve a structured, efficient, and
customer-centric environment. From decluttering physical and digital spaces to
fostering self-discipline among employees, the benefits of 5-S are manifold.
Banks adopting these practices can expect enhanced productivity, streamlined
processes, and a superior customer experience—hallmarks of success in the
competitive world of modern banking.
A research study published on 31 August 2018 in
the ‘IMPACT’: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and
Literature (IMPACT: IJRHAL) included the fact that ICICI Bank in India
implemented 5-S. The bank claims to have saved around Rs. 75 million through
the implementation of quality programmes. This could be contributed to the use
of 5-S that made up to 50 per cent savings. And with other benefits the record
time for tracing documents has reduced to 30 seconds.
In the rapidly evolving
banking sector, where technology and customer expectations change dynamically,
adopting methodologies like 5-S ensures banks remain agile, efficient, and
customer-focused. By embedding these principles into their operational DNA, banks
can pave the way for sustained growth and innovation.
I welcome your comments, questions and suggestions.
Warm regards,
Keshav Ram Singhal
Next - Other Lean Tools for Lean Banking